Optimal Location of Facts Devices for Solving Multi Objective Opf Using Improved Shuffled Leaping Frog Algorithm

5.1 INTRODUCTION Nowadays wind farms contributing to the energy production is continuously growing because of their economical and environmental protection attraction. However, large wind farms have higher reactive power demand that may not be easily satisfied. Therefore, connecting the wind farms to the power network becomes a more challenging task and their impacts are likely to be more widespread. (Thomas et al 1996) shows that the ability of a power network to meet wind farms reactive power requirement is a major factor determining the amount of power that can be integrated into the system. Moreover, the operational wind farms may bring voltage stability problem since the main factor causing voltage instability is the deficiency of reactive power in the system (Kundur 1994). Therefore, it is necessary to provide reactive power locally, and as close as possible to the demand levels. In order to meet the wind farm reactive power requirement, capacitors or SVC are employed to compensate reactive power commonly. They are used to carry out energy loss reduction, voltage regulation, and system security improvement. Economic benefits of the capacitor compensation depends mainly on where and how many capacities of the capacitor are installed, as well as proper control schemes of the capacitors at different wind turbines